Application of forecasting structural cracks technique of 3DMove in Chengdao buried hill     

WU Shiguo    WANG Xiuling  JI Yuxin  LIU Yuzhen & HAN Wengong . Institute of Oceanology  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Qingdao  China  . Geophysical Research Institute  Shengli Oil Field  Dongying  China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(9):1403-1410

Crack reservoir beds have large proportion in China. With the development of exploration in basins, the ratio of the crack reservoir beds will grow year after year. There have been 15 crack buried hill reservoirs since the first wellbore was successfully drilled in carbonate rock and Zhengjia granite in the Zhuangxi area in the 1980s[1]. Also mudstone-crack reservoirs and compact low-penetrability reservoirs have been discovered. With the development of exploration and exploitation in oil fi…  相似文献   

The recent sedimentation history of Aqualate Mere (central England): assessing the potential for lake restoration   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Simon?M.?HutchinsonEmail author 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2005,33(2):205-228

As part of English Natures Lakes Flagship Project to address adverse environmental impacts on selected, important lakes, a proposal has been made to dredge Aqualate Mere. The site has experienced rapid, recent sedimentation thought to be derived from a nearby canal. The aim of this study has been to determine the recent sedimentation history of the site in order to assess the possibility of the disposal to land of its sediments and the efficacy of this form of lake restoration. A predominantly clayey silt layer was found across the lake beneath which darker, organic-rich sediments were noted. This transition may represent the input of canal-derived sediments, although it may reflect other environmental changes at this time. The radiometric dating technique employed was unable to date this sediment boundary. A further change in the characteristics of the upper part of the clayey silt layer may represent an additional influence of the canal. Heavy metal levels were modest, whereas nutrient levels were relatively high and some pesticides were detected. Topsoil erosion supplying nutrients and other compounds associated with agriculture have been an important source of the lower layers of the clayey silt sediments in particular. The highest levels of most pollutants were found in the finer sediments in the uppermost (post-1950s) part of the sediment profile. These sediments appear to reflect a change in the characteristics of the sediments of the canal, which was associated with a change in the nature of its water supply. The key geochemical properties of the sediments should not preclude the land-based disposal of dredged materials under current UK regulations for waste management. Accurate estimation of sediment quantities was limited, as the interface between the recent and underlying sediments was not positively identified at all sample points.  相似文献   

A Multiscale Vision Model to Analyse Field Astronomical Images     

Frédéric Rué  Albert Bijaoui 《Experimental Astronomy》1997,7(3):129-160

We have implemented a multiscale vision model based on the wavelet transform to analyse field astronomical images. The discrete transform is performed by the à trous algorithm. The vision model is based on the notion of significant structures. We identify the pixels of the associated wavelet transform space (WTS) with the objects. For each scale a region labelling is carried out. An interscale connectivity graph is then established. In accordance with some rules that permit false detections to be removed, the objects and their sub-objects are identified. They define respectively trees and sub-trees in the graph. In this way, the identification of the WTS pixels of the tree related to a given object leads to the reconstruction of its image by the conjugate gradient method. The model has been tested successfully on simulated images of stars and galaxies which allow us to show the capabilities of the detection and restoration procedures of the model. Finally, tests on real images show that one can analyse complex structures better than with classical astronomical vision models.  相似文献   

THE USE OF A CROSS-CORRELATION TECHNIQUE TO ENHANCE JANSSON''S DECONVOLUTION PROCEDURE     

PAUL BENJAMIN CRILLY 《地理学报(英文版)》1990,(4)

The use of a cross-correlation prefiltering technique to enhance the ability of Jansson's iterativedeconvolution procedure to deconvolve extremely noisy chromatographic data is investigated.Test casesinclude peaks whose resolutions are as low as 0.35 and whose signal-to-noise ratios are as low as 1:1.Evaluation criteria include RMS error,relative peak error and peak area repeatability.For comparisonpurposes,relative peak area errors and peak area variances are also evaluated for noisy but well resolvedpeaks that have only been prefiltered with the cross-correlation filter.Jansson's method in conjunctionwith cross-correlation prefiltering is shown not only to resolve overlapped peaks but in some cases toimprove their signal-to-noise ratios.The study also establishes some limits to the capabilities of Jansson'smethod will regard to adverse data conditions.  相似文献   

P-immobilisation and phosphatase activities in lake sediment following treatment with nitrate and iron   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Gerlinde Wauer  Thomas Gonsiorczyk  Peter Casper  Rainer Koschel 《Limnologica》2005,35(1-2):102-108

The influence of a further developed inlake restoration method on the P-immobilisation and microbial activities, especially under anoxic conditions was investigated. The impact of nitrate and iron dosing with a newly developed nitrate storage compound (Depox^®Fe) was tested in enclosures in the eutrophic dimictic Lake Dagowsee, Germany. Additions of 50 g m⁻² of NO₃⁻–N and 66 g m⁻² of Fe³⁺ ensured availability of nitrate at the sediment surface during a 2-months period.As a result the phosphate release from the anoxic sediments was completely suppressed even 1 year after the application. The hypolimnetic deoxygenation was unaffected by the Depox^®Fe addition. However, sulfur reduction and methanogenesis were inhibited and the phosphatase activity increased.  相似文献   

河流不连续体概念及其在河流生态系统研究中的发展现状   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

张水龙  冯平 《水科学进展》2005,16(5):758-762

系统地回顾了序列不连续体概念(SDC)产生与发展的过程以及应用的情况。河流连续体概念对SDC的产生及其最初的形式有着重要的影响。序列不连续体概念的发展经历了最初的形式和扩展形式。利用SDC的扩展形式可以在整个河道内预测由于河流调节所产生的各种不连续生态效应。作为模拟和分析河流再调节计划的理论基础,SDC可以为制订流域新的项目规划以及河流系统整治工作提供指导作用。  相似文献   

构建地下水污染防护与修复管理中的综合决策系统(英文)     

Mingyu WANG 《地学前缘》2005,12(Z1):22-28

试图阐述如何对一个国家或地区在可持续发展国策下优化资金及人力配置,采取必要的防护和修复地下水污染的可行措施,从而最大限度减少由地下水污染对人类及生态可能产生的危害。提出了一个管理地下水污染防护与修复的综合决策系统框架。该系统框架的构筑是基于资金及人力的有限性、系统优化原理、地下水污染对人类及生态可能产生的危害,地下水防护与修复的难度或费用高低、地下水保护的效益与价值,以及同时考虑满足可持续发展要求。其中,由不同地下水污染防护与修复措施产生的地下水污染危害减少量构成了优化分析的目标函数。有限资金的最佳配置是通过使目标函数的最大化,并满足所有的管理、资源等限制条件加以确定的。还就执行该决策系统框架中所需完成的主要任务及步骤给予简述,并就几个相关的前沿性问题加以探讨。  相似文献   

黄土丘陵小流域生态用水试验研究——气候和土地利用变化的影响   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

黄奕龙  陈利顶  傅伯杰  王仰麟 《水科学进展》2006,17(1):14-19

为探讨黄土高原地区的生态恢复,以半干旱黄土丘陵区安家沟小流域的气象、土壤水分、地形图和土地利用图(1982年和2002年)为源信息,分析了不同植被类型的蒸散量和生态用水量、流域生态用水量及其与气候和土地利用变化的关系。研究结果表明:(1)流域土地利用结构从1982-2002年间变化较大,农地(特别是梯田)增加较快,乔木林地急剧减少,主要表现为毁林、开荒和造田;(2)研究区内各种植被/土地利用类型的蒸散量和生态用水都极大地受控于气候(特别是降雨量)的影响,其年际差异较大;(3)不同植被/土地利用类型间的蒸散量和生态用水差异明显,在各个年份乔灌林的生态用水量均大于农作物和自然草地的蒸散量和生态用水量,但生态用水的差异程度小于蒸散量的差异程度;(4)以自然草地(即荒草地)为标准,农作物的蒸散量和自然草地接近,但乔灌林地的蒸散量和生态用水量均远高于自然草地,难于实现土壤水分平衡;(5)流域土地利用结构的变化(主要是强耗水植被的减少)减小了流域生态用水量,增强了流域的水分平衡能力。  相似文献   

山水林田湖草生态保护修复技术框架研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周妍  陈妍  应凌霄  杨崇曜 《地学前缘》2021,28(4):14-24

面对当前严峻的资源环境与生态压力,习近平总书记提出了山水林田湖草生命共同体的理念,截至2019年底全国共开展了25个山水林田湖草生态保护修复工程试点。虽然已有工作取得了一定成效,但也存在保护修复目标不明确、整体性与系统性不足、人工干预的工程措施过度、缺乏动态监测评价、难以实现人与自然和谐共生等诸多问题。鉴此,本研究在梳理景观生态学、恢复生态学相关理论,基于自然的解决方案、适应性管理、社会-经济-自然复合生态系统以及生态系统服务等相关理念的基础上,构建了包含有区域(省)、景观、生态系统以及子项目4个层次的山水林田湖草生态保护修复技术框架,并提出了项目实施全程监测管理的技术要求,以期为推进山水林田湖草生命共同体的整体保护、系统修复、综合治理提供理论与技术支撑。  相似文献   

国土整治生态修复中的农业景观生物多样性保护策略   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘云慧  宇振荣  罗明 《地学前缘》2021,28(4):48-54

随着生态文明建设成为国家发展战略,国土整治修复需要更多生态科学和技术的支撑。农业景观生物多样性是重要的自然资源,为人类可持续发展提供了重要的生态系统服务,并提供了应对气候变化等风险的途径。本文分析了我国农业景观生物多样性保护及其对国土整治生态修复的重要性,国土整治生态修复中农业景观生物多样性保护面临的挑战,并总结了欧盟在农业景观生物多样性保护方面的经验和方法。最后,文章提出了将农业景观生物多样性保护整合到国土整治生态修复的四项策略,包括生态空间的“生态修复和管护-生态补偿-民生改善”策略、农业空间的“生态基础设施-生态系统服务提升-绿色发展”策略、城乡生活空间的“多功能景观-绿色宜居空间营造”策略、国土全域“生物多样性保护网络”策略,为生态文明背景下的国土整治生态修复提供参考。  相似文献